HYPERTENSION: Prevention, Detection & Control

KNOW YOUR BLOOD PRESSURE, TAKE CARE OF YOUR HEART

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, affects over 1.28 billion people globally and is a leading cause of heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure. Usually asymptomatic, it’s called the “silent killer,” quietly destroying major organs over a period of time.

The lifestyle conditions such as inadequate diet, stress, and lack of physical activity are driving its increase, affecting almost one in three adults. On the 20th anniversary of World Hypertension Day, this year’s theme — “Measure Your Blood Pressure Accurately, Control It, Live Longer” — calls to mind that early diagnosis, precise monitoring, and lifestyle modifications are the components of longevity in heart health.

YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT: THE DIETICIAN’S FORMULA TO KEEP BLOOD PRESSURE IN CHECK

“Your plate can either protect your heart or pressure it,” says Vibha Bajpaiee, Clinical Dietician at Aster Clinic, Bur Dubai (AJMC). “A diet low in salt, saturated fats, and processed foods, but rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and potassiumrich foods, helps regulate blood pressure naturally. Steer clear of high-sugar drinks and too much caffeine. Eat home-cooked meals flavored with herbs rather than salt. Pay attention to food packaging — sodium can be hidden in foods. Hydration, portion size, and eating mindfully also are major factors. Add wise eating to consistent physical activity, and you have a powerful defense against hypertension. Remember, what you eat today can shape your heart health tomorrow.”

KNOW YOUR NUMBERS: WHY REGULAR BP CHECKS SHOULD BE YOUR DAILY HABIT

Dr Heba Tag Eldin, Specialist Cardiology at Aster Clinic, Halwan (Sharjah), says: “High blood pressure rarely shows symptoms, which is why regular monitoring is crucial.” “Measuring your blood pressure accurately at home or in a clinic helps detect abnormalities early, often before complications develop. Try to measure at the same time every day, when relaxed, and use a validated meter. Write down your readings to identify trends. Your numbers empower you to take control — through lifestyle measures or medication. Don’t wait for symptoms; prevention begins with awareness. Early action based on accurate readings can help you avoid long-term damage to your heart, brain, and kidneys.”

FROM SALT TO STRESS: BLUEPRINT FOR A HEARTHEALTHY LIFESTYLE

“Managing high blood pressure begins with sustainable lifestyle changes,” says Dr Ashik Sasidharan, Specialist Cardiology at Aster Clinic, Al Qusais (Damascus St.). “Cut down on salt to less than 5g a day, be a healthy weight, and do at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days. Cut down on alcohol, give up smoking, and reduce stress by using mindfulness, breathing, or a hobby”. Sleep is equally important; poor rest can increase blood pressure. Monitor your intake of caffeine and processed foods, which can trigger spikes. Lifestyle choices may seem small, but collectively, they can significantly lower blood pressure, improve heart function, and reduce your need for long-term medication.”

THE KIDNEY CONNECTION: HOW HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE WREAKS SILENT HAVOC

“Hypertension is a major contributor to chronic kidney disease, often causing silent, progressive damage over time,” says Dr Azeem Ahamed, Specialist Nephrology at Aster Clinic, Bur Dubai (AJMC), and Aster Cedars Hospital & Clinic, Jebel Ali. Once blood pressure stays high, it adds added stress to the kidneys’ delicate vessels, causing them to filter waste less effectively. Eventually, it can result in kidney failure. Kidney function tests and urine analyses every few years can detect early damage”. Managing your blood pressure through diet, lifestyle, and medication is essential to protect kidney health. Hydrate well, limit salt and processed foods, and avoid overuse of painkillers, which can worsen kidney function. Healthy blood pressure supports healthy kidneys — for life.”

PRESSURE BUILDS SILENTLY: EARLY SIGNS YOU SHOULD NEVER IGNORE

Dr Sachin Upadhyaya, Specialist Cardiology at Aster Hospital, Mankhool, says: “Though hypertension is often symptomless, some people may experience subtle signs like frequent headaches, nosebleeds, blurred vision, chest discomfort, or shortness of breath.” He further explains “These should not be dismissed.If you’re at risk due to family history, obesity, stress, or poor lifestyle habits, regular screening becomes even more essential. Left unmanaged, high blood pressure can silently damage arteries and vital organs. According to the latest 2024 ESC guidelines, even patients with BP above 120/70 mmhg should undergo risk evaluation and begin treatment if found high-risk. If you notice these early indicators, seek medical evaluation immediately. It’s better to investigate mild symptoms than wait for a crisis. Timely detection and early intervention can prevent irreversible heart, brain, or kidney complications.”

PREPPING THE HEART: WHY CONTROLLED BP IS CRUCIAL BEFORE SURGERY

Dr Anil P Kumar, Specialist Interventional Cardiology at Aster Hospital, Qusais, says: “For patients undergoing cardiac or any major surgery, optimal blood pressure control is non-negotiable.” “Uncontrolled hypertension increases the risk of bleeding, stroke, heart attack, and complications during anaesthesia. Before surgery, a thorough assessment — including blood pressure monitoring—is performed to stabilise the patient. Medications may need adjusting, and lifestyle changes may be recommended in the lead-up to the procedure. Preoperative control of blood pressure improves surgical outcomes, reduces ICU stays, and speeds up recovery. If you’re scheduled for surgery, work closely with your healthcare provider to bring your blood pressure within target range well before your operation.”

INSIDE THE OR: HOW SURGEONS HANDLE HYPERTENSION-COMPROMISED HEARTS

“Operating on a heart burdened by years of high blood pressure poses unique challenges,” says Dr Debabrata Dash, Consultant Interventional Cardiology at Aster Hospital, Mankhool. “Chronic hypertension causes hardened heart walls, rigid arteries, and increased risk of bleeding during surgery. Surgeons need to expect complications such as arrhythmias or decreased heart function. Intraoperative blood pressure needs to be controlled carefully to prevent sudden drops or spikes”. Every second in the operating room is calculated, and surgical plans are customised for hypertensive patients. Timely surgical intervention, supported by a multidisciplinary team, helps stabilise cardiac function and prevent catastrophic outcomes. Managing hypertension before and after surgery is vital to long-term recovery.”

POST-OP & BEYOND: MANAGING HYPERTENSION AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY

Dr Srinivasan Kandasamy, Specialist Cardiology at Aster Hospital, Qusais, says: “Recovery from cardiac surgery doesn’t end in the hospital — it extends into daily life.”
“Managing blood pressure post-surgery is essential to protect your surgical outcomes and prevent recurrence. Take your medications as instructed, follow-up as directed, and eat a low-sodium, heart-healthy diet. Gradually resume physical activity as instructed by your doctor. Monitor your BP regularly and be alert to symptoms such as swelling, tiredness, or dizziness. Mental health counts as well — treat anxiety or depression, as these conditions can influence your BP. With consistent effort, many patients achieve better blood pressure control post-surgery than before. Longterm success lies in disciplined, proactive care.”

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